The U.S. Pacific Northwest experienced an extraordinary heat wave in summer 2021, breaking temperature records, which highlighted a broader issue of unpreparedness for extreme climate events, argue Sherwood et al. The authors criticize the reliance on outdated climate models and linear thinking, which limits the understanding of high-impact, low-likelihood events and tipping points. They emphasize the need for climate scientists to identify and communicate these risks effectively and to consider interdisciplinary approaches that encompass both environmental and societal impacts. Key questions include recognizing potential hazards and establishing safe pathways to adapt to future climate scenarios. Clear communication and innovative modeling are deemed essential in addressing climate risks.
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